- UTHealth Houston Skull Base Program
- Orbital Tumors
Orbital Tumors
What are orbital tumors?
Orbital tumors are growths that develop in or around the eye socket, an area known as the orbit. These tumors can be benign or malignant and may involve the muscles, nerves, or connective tissues that support the eye. Because the orbit is a small, complex space, even slow-growing tumors can affect vision or eye movement.
Causes
Orbital tumors can arise from many different types of tissue within the orbit, including glands, nerves, and blood vessels. Some develop without a clear cause, while others may be related to genetic conditions or spread from nearby structures such as the sinuses or brain. In some cases, tumors can also spread to the orbit from other parts of the body.
Symptoms
Symptoms often develop gradually and depend on the tumor’s size and location. You may notice bulging of the eye, changes in vision, or difficulty moving the eye in certain directions. Some people experience double vision, eye pain, or swelling around the eye. In more advanced cases, vision loss can occur.
How are orbital tumors diagnosed?
Diagnosis begins with a detailed eye and neurological examination. An MRI or CT scan will be used to understand the tumor’s location and extent. In some cases, a biopsy is needed to determine the exact type of tumor and guide treatment.
How are orbital tumors treated?
Treatment depends on the type of tumor and how it is affecting the eye and surrounding structures. Options may include observation, surgery, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy. Care is personalized, with a focus on preserving vision, protecting eye function, and addressing the tumor as safely and effectively as possible.